MOLE CRICKETS

INSECT AND DESCRIPTION: Mole crickets [Scapteriscus species] are light-brown crickets about 1/2 inches long with short, stout forelegs and shovel-like feet. They feed at night on the roots of grass, and their burrowing also uproots seedlings and causes soil to dry out quickly. One mole cricket can travel and damage several yards of a newly seeded area or a golf green in a single night. On golf greens, the raised tunnels made by mole crickets are skimmed off by the mower, damaging not only the grass but also the equipment.

LIFE HISTORY AND HABITS: Mole crickets generally overwinter as nymphs from 3 to 10 inches deep in the soil. Nymphs become active in March and feed until they mature in late spring. New adults emerge in June. Each female lays 35 to 50 eggs which hatch in 10 to 40 days depending on temperature. There is only one generation per year.

CONTROL: Mole crickets are controlled with contact insecticides or poisoned baits. On established turf, spray or granular applications can be used as long as they are thoroughly watered into the grass. Such treatments will be most effective if they are applied when night temperatures are at least 60°F. However, as more pests migrate into the area, another application may be necessary. Poisoned baits are most effective in August or September when the young nymphs are hungry. For specific chemical controls, consult the state Agricultural Extension Service recommendations.